Difference between revisions of "Samba"

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[[Computing]]: [[Linux]]: [[Samba]]
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<hide>
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[[page type::article]]
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[[Samba]] is a program which allows "Network Neighborhood"-style communication between Linux and Windows. It is named after the SMB protocol, which is what Windows uses for "Network Neighborhood" communication.
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[[thing type::software]]
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==Commands==
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[[software type::server]]
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* '''User commands'''
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[[category:software]]
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** [[net (Samba command)|net]]
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</hide>
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** [[nmblookup]]
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==About==
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** [[smbclient]]
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[[Samba]] is open-source server software which allows "[[Network Neighborhood]]"-style communication between [[Microsoft Windows]] and other [[operating system]]s such as [[Linux]]. It is named after the [[SMB protocol]], which is what Windows uses for "Network Neighborhood" communication.
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** [[smbpasswd]]
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==Pages==
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** [[testparm]]
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* {{l/sub|browser}}: debugging master/domain browser issues
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* '''System commands''' (not usually run by the user)
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* {{l/sub|commands}} for interacting with Samba
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** [[smbd]]: the Samba [[daemon]]
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* {{l/sub|how-to}}: specific things
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==Related Articles==
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* {{l/sub|printing}}: using Samba to serve shared printers
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* '''files'''
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* {{l/sub|files}}: what the files mean and where they are kept
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** [[smb.conf]]: the Samba configuration file
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==Errors==
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** [[smbusers]]: the Samba users file
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* [[The list of servers for this workgroup is not currently available]]: a Samba-related error on Windows XP
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==Issues==
 
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It can be extremely difficult to get Samba to work in certain ways; there really needs to be some kind of error log so that when you (for example) attempt to connect to a share and are refused, you can find out exactly ''why'' Samba refused the connection &ndash; something like this:
 
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* '''Connection refused''': Remote Samba user '''sambaguest''' requested connection to this server (Samba name: '''floyd''') and was refused because ''(fill in the blank)''
 
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* '''Permission denied''': Remote Samba user '''sambaguest''' attempted to create file in local resource '''/home/harena/share''' shared as '''harena''' and was refused because ''(fill in the blank)''
 
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The log could be turned off by default if it was too resource-intensive for normal use.
 
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==How To==
 
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===Restart the Samba Server===
 
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If you have Fedora Core, there's a convenient little "services" application you can use to restart Samba and several dozen other services. For the rest of us, however, there's a command you have to execute from a root terminal.
 
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On [[Ubuntu]], and probably other [[Debian]]-based systems:
 
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[[sudo]] /etc/init.d/samba restart
 
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On [[SuSE]] 10.0 and [[Fedora Core]] 4:
 
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[[sudo]] /etc/init.d/smb restart
 
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This will ask for a password; type in your password (not root's) unless you have reconfigured your sudo setup. (This assumes you have sudo privileges; if not, [[su]] to get root access and then type the rest of the command without the "sudo".)
 
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On [[Red Hat Linux|Red Hat]], I'm told the command would be:
 
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/sbin/samba restart
 
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(Possibly substituting "smb" for "samba"; ls the directory in question to find a list of services.) This is the same general technique used for restarting services, which should itself probably be documented somewhere. (The Samba share configuration GUI program really ought to have a "restart Samba server" button, though, even if it does this automatically when you change parameters -- because there is no way to know if it is doing this otherwise.)
 
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===Configure Samba for "guest" logins===
 
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As most home operating systems are now moving towards requiring users to have login accounts, this is becoming less necessary -- but it is still useful under some circumstances (such as wanting to give access to Win9x machines with the login dialogue bypassed).
 
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Configuration for [[smb.conf]]:
 
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In the [global] section:
 
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# Causes Samba to act as WINS server, which turns network names into IP addresses.
 
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wins support = yes
 
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# Causes Samba to act as Local Master Browser
 
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# (This can help prevent conflicts between XP and 9x, where XP tends to take over and refuse access to non-XP systems)
 
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local master = yes
 
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# These may or may not be important, but it's how my system is set:
 
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socket options = TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192
 
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winbind uid = 16777216-33554431
 
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winbind gid = 16777216-33554431
 
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guest account = sambaguest
 
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password server = None
 
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guest ok = yes
 
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security = SHARE
 
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username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
 
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# these options help to prevent permissions conflicts
 
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# (where the "sambaguest" user creates files which (by default) nobody else can write or delete)
 
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force group = lanusers
 
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force create mode = 0060
 
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create mask = 0775
 
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I haven't tested these to see if these options are all helpful or if there are other options which are necessary; this is just a first pass based on a combination of (vague) understanding and actual experience.
 
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After editing and saving smb.conf. restart the Samba daemon for changes to take effect.
 
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Tentative explanation of "guest" status: SMB has the concept of a "guest account", which is what Win9x uses by default when connecting via SMB (if you set up user logins, then I think it uses the actual username, but I haven't tested this); the "guest account" setting is the user which Samba appears to be when the SMB "guest account" is accessing files. In other words, for example: files created by a SMB "guest account" will appear on a Linux system as created by "sambaguest". If the "force group" setting is used, then those files will also be owned by the specified group.
 
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===Get DNS to Recognize NetBIOS Names===
 
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I haven't actually figured this one out yet; I've seen several workable solutions, but they all seem hideously complicated. This shouldn't be a difficult problem.
 
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One possible phrasing of the problem, for purists: How can we add {NetBIOS's knowledge of machine names on the network} to the available domain space? This is needed so that commands which accept a domain name as input (e.g. ftp, ssh, mysql) can accept a machine name instead, removing the necessity to manually look up the machine's IP address.
 
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One useful bit of information: the command [[nmblookup]] will accept a NetBIOS name and return an IP address.
 
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==Reference==
 
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*[[Wikipedia:Samba software]]
 
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*[[Wikipedia:Server Message Block]]: SMB protocol
 
 
==Links==
 
==Links==
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* [http://searchopensource.techtarget.com/tip/1,289483,sid39_gci1138772,00.html Managing Samba: Choose your weapon -- Windows network ID basics]: seems to cover some useful concepts
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===Official===
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* [http://samba.org official site]
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===Reference===
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* '''Wikipedia''':
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** {{l/wp|Samba software}}
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** {{l/wp|Server Message Block}}: the SMB protocol
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===Articles===
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* '''1999-11''' [http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/samba/chapter/book/ch03_01.html Chapter 3: Configuring Windows Clients] from the book ''Using Samba'' by Robert Eckstein, David Collier-Brown, Peter Kelly (this shows how to set up [[Win9x]] machines for non-anonymous connection to Samba)
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* [http://searchopensource.techtarget.com/tip/1,289483,sid39_gci1138772,00.html Managing Samba: Choose your weapon &ndash; Windows network ID basics]: seems to cover some useful concepts

Latest revision as of 15:34, 16 September 2024

About

Samba is open-source server software which allows "Network Neighborhood"-style communication between Microsoft Windows and other operating systems such as Linux. It is named after the SMB protocol, which is what Windows uses for "Network Neighborhood" communication.

Pages

  • browser: debugging master/domain browser issues
  • commands for interacting with Samba
  • how-to: specific things
  • printing: using Samba to serve shared printers
  • files: what the files mean and where they are kept

Errors

Links

Official

Reference

Articles

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