Apache httpd/mod rewrite
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Revision as of 10:47, 3 March 2017 by Woozle (talk | contribs) (→RewriteRule: more complete example set)
Syntax
The Apache manual says:
- RewriteRule <Pattern> <Substitution> [<flags>]
- RewriteCond <TestString> <CondPattern> [<flags>]
- RewriteBase <URL-path>
I think I still don't really understand RewriteBase. Apparently it does need to refer to a path that actually exists, rather than a mapped path. If the path doesn't exist, Apache will log a "core:alert" error saying "RewriteBase: argument is not a valid URL".
RewriteRule
Arguments:
- Pattern is a perl compatible regular expression, matched against:
- if VirtualHost context: the part of the URL after the hostname and port, and before the query string (e.g. "/app1/index.html").
- if per-directory context (Directory and .htaccess): the partial path to the Directory or .htaccess file
- e.g. a request of "/app1/index.html" may result in comparison against "app1/index.html" or "index.html" depending on where the RewriteRule is defined.
- The directory path where the rule is defined is stripped from the currently mapped filesystem path before comparison (up to and including a trailing slash). The net result of this per-directory prefix stripping is that rules in this context only match against the portion of the currently mapped filesystem path "below" where the rule is defined.
- Substitution may be:
- URL-path: A DocumentRoot-relative path to the intended target
- Absolute-URL: if the hostname matches the current host, the scheme and hostname are stripped out and the resulting path is treated as a URL-path. Otherwise, an external redirect is performed.
- filesystem-path (only in VirtualHost)
examples
(also from the Apache manual)
The following apply inside the per-directory configuration* for /somepath
for request GET /somepath/localpath/pathinfo
- (*
/physical/path/to/somepath/.htaccess
, withRewriteBase "/somepath"
)
Given Rule | Resulting Substitution |
---|---|
^localpath(.*) otherpath$1 | /somepath/otherpath/pathinfo |
^localpath(.*) otherpath$1 [R] | http://thishost/somepath/otherpath/pathinfo via external redirection |
^localpath(.*) otherpath$1 [P] | doesn't make sense, not supported |
^localpath(.*) /otherpath$1 | /otherpath/pathinfo |
^localpath(.*) /otherpath$1 [R] | http://thishost/otherpath/pathinfo via external redirection |
^localpath(.*) /otherpath$1 [P] | doesn't make sense, not supported |
^localpath(.*) http://thishost/otherpath$1 | /otherpath/pathinfo |
^localpath(.*) http://thishost/otherpath$1 [R] | http://thishost/otherpath/pathinfo via external redirection |
^localpath(.*) http://thishost/otherpath$1 [P] | doesn't make sense, not supported |
^localpath(.*) http://otherhost/otherpath$1 | http://otherhost/otherpath/pathinfo via external redirection |
^localpath(.*) http://otherhost/otherpath$1 [R] | http://otherhost/otherpath/pathinfo via external redirection (the [R] flag is redundant) |
^localpath(.*) http://otherhost/otherpath$1 [P] | http://otherhost/otherpath/pathinfo via internal proxy |