Difference between revisions of "Qemu"

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[[Category:Techniques]]
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[[Computing]]: [[Emulators]]: [[Qemu]]
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[[Techniques]]: Software: Emuators: [[Qemu]]
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[http://qemu.org/ QEMU] is an open source processor emulator. It
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[[Qemu]] is an open source processor emulator. It emulates a variety of different [http://qemu.org/status.html CPUs and systems], and achieves good speed by using dynamic translation.
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emulates a variety of different [http://qemu.org/status.html CPUs and
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==Reference==
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systems], and achieves good speed by using dynamic translation.
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* [http://qemu.org/ official homepage]
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==Some Quick Notes==
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* {{wikipedia|QEMU}}
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*Creating the disk image: qemu-img create win98hd.img 2G qemu -hda
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win98hd.img -cdrom win98.iso -boot d
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==Articles==
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For linux host systems, there is a loadable kernel module (called
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*[[Qemu on Linux]]: setting up and using Qemu under Linux
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kqemu) that will allow qemu to run at near native speeds. At the time
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*[[Win98 in Qemu]]: installing and running [[Windows 98]] inside Qemu
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of this writing, there aren't distributed packages available with the
 
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module built, so you'll need to download the source from the website
 
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and compile it locally.
 
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First download the
 
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[http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/qemu-0.7.0.tar.gz qemu source] and
 
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[[untar]] it. Then download the
 
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[http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/kqemu-0.6.2-1.tar.gz kqemu source]
 
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and [[untar]] it within the qemu source directory. Then run ./configure
 
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&& make && sudo make install. You might also want to
 
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install the vgabios package from your package manager.
 
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If you're wanting to run [[Windows 98]] under qemu, this option is moot
 
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because kqemu and Win98 don't get along.
 
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==Documentation==
 
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===NAME===
 
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[[qemu]] - QEMU System Emulator ===SYNOPSIS===
 
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usage: [[qemu]] [options] [disk_image] ===DESCRIPTION===
 
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The QEMU System emulator simulates a complete PC. In order to meet
 
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specific user needs, two versions of QEMU are available: #"qemu-fast"
 
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uses the host Memory Management Unit (MMU) to simulate the x86 MMU. It
 
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is fast but has limitations because the whole 4 GB address space cannot
 
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be used and some memory mapped peripherials cannot be emulated
 
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accurately yet. Therefore, a specific guest Linux kernel can be used
 
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Moreover there is no separation between the host and target address
 
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spaces, so it offers no security (the target OS can modify the
 
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"qemu-fast" code by writing at the right addresses). #"qemu" uses a
 
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software MMU. It is about two times slower but gives a more accurate
 
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emulation and a complete separation between the host and target address
 
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spaces. QEMU emulates the following PC peripherials: *i440FX host PCI
 
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bridge and PIIX3 PCI to ISA bridge *Cirrus CLGD 5446 PCI VGA card or
 
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dummy VGA card with Bochs VESA extensions (hardware level, including
 
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all non-standard modes). *PS/2 mouse and keyboard *2 PCI IDE interfaces
 
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with hard disk and CD-ROM support *Floppy disk *NE2000 PCI network
 
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adapters *Serial ports *Soundblaster 16 card QEMU uses the PC BIOS from
 
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the [[Bochs]] project and the Plex86/Bochs LGPL VGA BIOS. ===OPTIONS===
 
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*''disk_image'' is a raw hard disk image for IDE hard disk 0.
 
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====General options====
 
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*'''-fda''' ''file''
 
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*'''-fdb''' ''file''
 
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:Use file as floppy disk 0/1 image You can use the host floppy by using
 
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/dev/fd0 as filename. *'''-hda''' ''file''
 
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*'''-hdb''' ''file''
 
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*'''-hdc''' ''file''
 
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*'''-hdd''' ''file''
 
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:Use file as hard disk 0, 1, 2 or 3 image *'''-cdrom''' ''file''
 
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:Use file as CD-ROM image (you cannot use -hdc and and -cdrom at the
 
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same time). You can use the host CD-ROM by using /dev/cdrom as
 
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filename. *'''-boot''' ['''a'''|'''c'''|'''d''']
 
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:Boot on floppy (a), hard disk (c) or CD-ROM (d). Hard disk boot is the
 
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default. *'''-snapshot'''
 
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:Write to temporary files instead of disk image files. In this case,
 
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the raw disk image you use is not written back. You can however force
 
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the write back by pressing C-a s *'''-m''' ''megs''
 
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:Set virtual RAM size to ''megs'' megabytes. Default is 128 MB.
 
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*'''-nographic'''
 
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:Normally, QEMU uses SDL to display the VGA output. With this option,
 
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you can totally disable graphical output so that QEMU is a simple
 
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command line application. The emulated serial port is redirected on the
 
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console. Therefore, you can still use QEMU to debug a Linux kernel with
 
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a serial console. *'''-enable-audio'''
 
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:The SB16 emulation is disabled by default as it may give problems with
 
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Windows. You can enable it manually with this option. *'''-localtime'''
 
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:Set the real time clock to local time (the default is to UTC time).
 
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This option is needed to have correct date in
 
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MS-DOS or Windows. *'''-full-screen'''
 
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:Start in full screen. ====Network options====
 
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*'''-n''' ''script''
 
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:Set TUN/TAP network init script [default=/etc/qemu-ifup]. This script
 
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is launched to configure the host network interface (usually tun0)
 
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corresponding to the virtual NE2000 card. *'''-macaddr''' ''addr''
 
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:Set the mac address of the first interface (the format is
 
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aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff in hexa). The mac address is incremented for each new
 
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network interface. *'''-tun-fd''' ''fd''
 
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:Assumes ''fd'' talks to a tap/tun host network interface and use it.
 
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Read <http://bellard.org/qemu/tetrinet.html> to have an example
 
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of its use. *'''-user-net'''
 
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:Use the user mode network stack. This is the default if no tun/tap
 
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network init script is found. *'''-tftp''' ''prefix''
 
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:When using the user mode network stack, activate a built-in TFTP
 
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server. All filenames beginning with ''prefix'' can be downloaded from
 
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the host to the guest using a TFTP client. The TFTP client on the guest
 
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must be configured in binary mode (use the command "bin" of the Unix
 
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TFTP client). The host IP address on the guest is as usual 10.0.2.2.
 
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*'''-smb''' ''dir''
 
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:When using the user mode network stack, activate a built-in SMB server
 
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so that Windows OSes can access to the host files in ''dir''
 
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transparently. :In the guest Windows OS, the line: 10.0.2.4 smbserver
 
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:must be added in the file C:\WINDOWS\LMHOSTS (for windows 9x/Me) or
 
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C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC\LMHOSTS (Windows NT/2000). Then dir can
 
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be accessed in \\smbserver\qemu. :Note that a SAMBA server must be
 
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installed on the host OS in /usr/sbin/smbd. QEMU was tested succesfully
 
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with smbd version 2.2.7a from the Red Hat 9. *'''-redir'''
 
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['''tcp'''|'''udp''']''':'''''host-port''''':'''[''guest-host'']''':'''''guest-port''
 
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:When using the user mode network stack, redirect incoming TCP or UDP
 
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connections to the host port host-port to the guest guest-host on guest
 
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port guest-port. If guest-host is not specified, its value is 10.0.2.15
 
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(default address given by the built-in DHCP server). :For example, to
 
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redirect host X11 connection from screen 1 to guest screen 0, use the
 
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following: # on the host [[qemu]] -redir tcp:6001::6000 [...] # this
 
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host xterm should open in the guest X11 server [[xterm]] -display :1
 
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:To redirect telnet connections from host port 5555 to telnet port on
 
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the guest, use the following: # on the host [[qemu]] -redir
 
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tcp:5555::23 [...] [[telnet]] localhost 5555
 
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:Then when you use on the host "telnet localhost 5555", you connect to
 
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the guest telnet server. *'''-dummy-net'''
 
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:Use the dummy network stack: no packet will be received by the network
 
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cards. ====Linux boot specific====
 
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When using these options, you can use a given Linux kernel without
 
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installing it in the disk image. It can be useful for easier testing of
 
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various kernels. *'''-kernel''' ''bzImage''
 
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:Use ''bzImage'' as kernel image. *'''-append''' ''cmdline''
 
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:Use cmdline as kernel command line *'''-initrd''' ''file''
 
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:Use ''file'' as initial ram disk. ====Debug/Expert options====
 
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*'''-serial''' ''dev''
 
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:Redirect the virtual serial port to host device ''dev''. Available
 
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devices are: **"vc"
 
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**:Virtual console **"pty"
 
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**:[Linux only] Pseudo TTY (a new PTY is automatically allocated)
 
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**"null"
 
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**:void device **"stdio"
 
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**:[Unix only] standard input/output :The default device is "vc" in
 
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graphical mode and "stdio" in non graphical mode. :This option can be
 
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used several times to simulate up to 4 serials ports. *'''-monitor'''
 
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''dev''
 
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:Redirect the monitor to host device ''dev'' (same devices as the
 
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serial port). The default device is "vc" in graphical mode and "stdio"
 
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in non graphical mode. *'''-s'''
 
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:Wait gdb connection to port 1234 *'''-p''' ''port''
 
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:Change gdb connection port. *'''-S'''
 
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:Do not start CPU at startup (you must type 'c' in the monitor).
 
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*'''-d'''
 
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:Output log in /tmp/qemu.log *'''-isa'''
 
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:Simulate an ISA-only system (default is PCI system). *'''-std-vga'''
 
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:Simulate a standard VGA card with Bochs VBE extensions (default is
 
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Cirrus Logic GD5446 PCI VGA) *'''-loadvm''' ''file''
 
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:Start right away with a saved state ("loadvm" in monitor) ====PowerPC
 
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Options====
 
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The following options are specific to the PowerPC emulation:
 
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*'''-prep'''
 
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:Simulate a PREP system (default is PowerMAC) *'''-g'''
 
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''W'''''x'''''H''['''x'''''DEPTH'']
 
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:Set the initial VGA graphic mode. The default is 800x600x15.
 
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===Keys===
 
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During the graphical emulation, you can use the following keys:
 
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*'''Ctrl-Alt-f'''
 
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*:Toggle full screen *'''Ctrl-Alt-'''''n''
 
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*:Switch to virtual console 'n'. Standard console mappings are:
 
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**'''1''' : Target system display **'''2''' : Monitor **'''3''' :Serial
 
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port *'''Ctrl-Alt'''
 
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*:Toggle mouse and keyboard grab. *In the virtual consoles, you can use
 
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'''Ctrl-Up''', '''Ctrl-Down''', '''Ctrl-PageUp''' and
 
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'''Ctrl-PageDown''' to move in the back log. *During emulation, if you
 
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are using the -nographic option, use '''Ctrl-a h''' to get terminal
 
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commands: **'''Ctrl-a h'''
 
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**:Print this help **'''Ctrl-a x'''
 
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**:Exit emulatior **'''Ctrl-a s'''
 
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**:Save disk data back to file (if -snapshot) **'''Ctrl-a b'''
 
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**:Send break (magic sysrq in Linux) **'''Ctrl-a c'''
 
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**:Switch between console and monitor **'''Ctrl-a Ctrl-a'''
 
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**:Send Ctrl-a ===SEE ALSO===
 
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The HTML documentation of QEMU for more precise information and Linux
 
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user mode emulator invocation. ===AUTHOR===
 
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Fabrice Bellard
 
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==Edit Log==
 
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*'''2005-06-25''': Added contents of manpage
 

Latest revision as of 17:11, 18 February 2006

Computing: Emulators: Qemu

Qemu is an open source processor emulator. It emulates a variety of different CPUs and systems, and achieves good speed by using dynamic translation.

Reference

Articles

Retrieved from "https://htyp.org/mw/index.php?title=Qemu&oldid=3306"