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| [[Category:Techniques]] | | [[Computing]]: [[Emulators]]: [[Qemu]] |
| [[Techniques]]: Software: Emulators: [[Qemu]] | |
| [http://qemu.org/ QEMU] is an open source processor emulator. It
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| emulates a variety of different [http://qemu.org/status.html CPUs and
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| systems], and achieves good speed by using dynamic translation.
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| ==Some Quick Notes==
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| *Creating the disk image: qemu-img create win98hd.img 2G qemu -hda
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| win98hd.img -cdrom win98.iso -boot d
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| For linux host systems, there is a loadable kernel module (called
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| kqemu) that will allow qemu to run at near native speeds. At the time
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| of this writing, there aren't distributed packages available with the
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| module built, so you'll need to download the source from the website
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| and compile it locally.
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| First download the
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| [http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/qemu-0.7.0.tar.gz qemu source] and
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| [[untar]] it. Then download the
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| [http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/kqemu-0.6.2-1.tar.gz kqemu source]
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| and [[untar]] it within the qemu source directory. Then run ./configure
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| && make && sudo make install. You might also want to
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| install the vgabios package from your package manager.
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| If you're wanting to run Win98 under qemu, this option is moot because
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| kqemu and Win98 don't get along.
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| ==Documentation==
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| NAME qemu - QEMU System Emulator SYNOPSIS usage: qemu [options]
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| [disk_image] DESCRIPTION The QEMU System emulator simulates a complete
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| PC. In order to meet specific user needs, two versions of QEMU are
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| available: 1.
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| "qemu-fast" uses the host Memory Management Unit (MMU) to simulate the
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| x86 MMU. It is fast but has limitations because the whole 4 GB address
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| space cannot be used and some memory mapped peripherials cannot be
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| emulated accurately yet. Therefore, a specific guest Linux kernel can
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| be used Moreover there is no separation between the host and target
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| address spaces, so it offers no security (the target OS can modify the
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| "qemu-fast" code by writing at the right addresses). 2.
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| "qemu" uses a software MMU. It is about two times slower but giv es a
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| more accurate emulation and a complete separation between the host and
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| target address spaces. QEMU emulates the following PC peripherials: -
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| i440FX host PCI bridge and PIIX3 PCI to ISA bridge - Cirrus CLGD 5446
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| PCI VGA card or dummy VGA card with Bochs VESA extensions (hardware
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| level, including all non standard modes). -
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| PS/2 mouse and keyboard - 2 PCI IDE interfaces with hard disk and
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| CD-ROM support - Floppy disk -
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| NE2000 PCI network adapters - Serial ports - Soundblaster 16 card QEMU
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| uses the PC BIOS from the Bochs project and the Plex86/Bochs LGPL VGA
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| BIOS. OPTIONS
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| disk_image is a raw hard disk image for IDE hard disk 0. General
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| options: -fda file
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| -fdb file Use file as floppy disk 0/1 image You can use the host floppy
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| by using /dev/fd0 as filename. -hda file
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| -hdb file
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| -hdc file
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| -hdd file Use file as hard disk 0, 1, 2 or 3 image -cdrom file Use file
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| as CD-ROM image (you cannot use -hdc and and -cdrom at the same time).
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| You can use the host CD-ROM by using /dev/cdrom as filename. -boot
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| [a|c|d] Boot on floppy (a), hard disk (c) or CD-ROM (d). Hard disk boot
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| is the default. -snapshot Write to temporary files instead of disk
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| image files. In this case, the raw disk image you use is not written
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| back. You can however force the write back by pressing C-a s -m megs
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| Set virtual RAM size to megs megabytes. Default is 128 MB. -nographic
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| Normally, QEMU uses SDL to display the VGA output. With this option,
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| you can totally disable graphical output so that QEMU is a simple
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| command line application. The emulated serial port is redirected on the
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| console. Therefore, you can still use QEMU to debug a Linux kernel with
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| a serial console. -enable-audio The SB16 emulation is disabled by
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| default as it may give problems with Windows. You can enable it
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| manually with this option. -localtime Set the real time clock to local
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| time (the default is to UTC time). This option is needed to have
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| correct date in MS-DOS or Windows. -full-screen Start in full screen.
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| Network options: -n script Set TUN/TAP network init script
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| [default=/etc/qemu-ifup]. This script is launched
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| to configure the host network interface (usually tun0) corresponding to
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| the virtual NE2000 card. -macaddr addr Set the mac address of the first
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| interface (the format is aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff in hexa). The mac address is
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| incremented for each new network interface. -tun-fd fd Assumes fd talks
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| to a tap/tun host network interface and use it. Read
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| <http://bellard.org/qemu/tetrinet.html> to have an example of its
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| use. -user-net Use the user mode network stack. This is the default if
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| no tun/tap network init script is found. -tftp prefix When using the
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| user mode network stack, activate a built-in TFTP server. All filenames
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| beginning with prefix can be downloaded from the host to the guest
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| using a TFTP client. The TFTP client on the guest must be configured in
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| binary mode (use the command "bin" of the Unix TFTP client). The host
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| IP address on the guest is as usual 10.0.2.2. -smb dir When using the
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| user mode network stack, activate a built-in SMB server so that Windows
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| OSes can access to the host files in dir transparently. In the guest
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| Windows OS, the line: 10.0.2.4 smbserver must be added in the file
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| C:\WINDOWS\LMHOSTS (for windows 9x/Me) or
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| C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC\LMHOSTS (Windows NT/2000). Then dir can
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| be accessed in \\smbserver\qemu. Note that a SAMBA server must be
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| installed on the host OS in /usr/sbin/smbd. QEMU was tested succesfully
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| with smbd version 2.2.7a from the Red Hat 9. -redir
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| [tcp|udp]:host-port:[guest-host]:guest-port When using the user mode
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| network stack, redirect incoming TCP or UDP connections to the host
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| port host-port to the guest guest-host on guest port guest-port. If
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| guest-host is not specified, its value is 10.0.2.15 (default address
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| given by the built-in DHCP server). For example, to redirect host X11
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| connection from screen 1 to guest screen 0, use the following: # on the
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| host qemu -redir tcp:6001::6000 [...] # this host xterm should open in
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| the guest X11 server xterm -display :1 To redirect telnet connections
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| from host port 5555 to telnet port on the guest, use the following: #
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| on the host qemu -redir tcp:5555::23 [...] telnet localhost 5555 Then
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| when you use on the host "telnet localhost 5555", you connect to the
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| guest telnet server. -dummy-net Use the dummy network stack: no packet
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| will be received by the network cards. Linux boot specific. When using
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| this options, you can use a given Linux kernel without installing it in
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| the disk image. It can be useful for easier testing of various kernels.
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| -kernel bzImage Use bzImage as kernel image. -append cmdline Use
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| cmdline as kernel command line -initrd file Use file as initial ram
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| disk. Debug/Expert options: -serial dev Redirect the virtual serial
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| port to host device dev. Available devices are: "vc" Virtual console
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| "pty" [Linux only] Pseudo TTY (a new PTY is automatically allocated)
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| "null" void device "stdio" [Unix only] standard input/output The
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| default device is "vc" in graphical mode and "stdio" in non graphical
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| mode. This option can be used several times to simulate up to 4 serials
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| ports. -monitor dev Redirect the monitor to host device dev (same
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| devices as the serial port). The default device is "vc" in graphical
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| mode and "stdio" in non graphical mode. -s Wait gdb connection to port
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| 1234 -p port Change gdb connection port. -S Do not start CPU at startup
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| (you must type 'c' in the monitor). -d Output log in /tmp/qemu.log -isa
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| Simulate an ISA-only system (default is PCI system). -std-vga Simulate
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| a standard VGA card with Bochs VBE extensions (default is Cirrus Logic
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| GD5446 PCI VGA) -loadvm file Start right away with a saved state
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| ("loadvm" in monitor) During the graphical emulation, you can use the
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| following keys: Ctrl-Alt-f Toggle full screen Ctrl-Alt-n Switch to
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| virtual console 'n'. Standard console mappings are: 1 Target system
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| display 2 Monitor 3 Serial port Ctrl-Alt Toggle mouse and keyboard
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| grab. In the virtual consoles, you can use Ctrl-Up, Ctrl-Down, Ctrl-PageUp and Ctrl-PageDown to move in the back log.
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|
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| During emulation, if you are using the -nographic option, use Ctrl-a h to get terminal commands:
| | [[Qemu]] is an open source processor emulator. It emulates a variety of different [http://qemu.org/status.html CPUs and systems], and achieves good speed by using dynamic translation. |
| Ctrl-a h
| | ==Reference== |
| Print this help
| | * [http://qemu.org/ official homepage] |
| Ctrl-a x
| | * {{wikipedia|QEMU}} |
| Exit emulatior
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| Ctrl-a s
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| Save disk data back to file (if -snapshot)
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| Ctrl-a b
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| Send break (magic sysrq in Linux)
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| Ctrl-a c
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| Switch between console and monitor
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| Ctrl-a Ctrl-a
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| Send Ctrl-a
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|
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|
| | | ==Articles== |
| The following options are specific to the PowerPC emulation:
| | *[[Qemu on Linux]]: setting up and using Qemu under Linux |
| -prep
| | *[[Win98 in Qemu]]: installing and running [[Windows 98]] inside Qemu |
| Simulate a PREP system (default is PowerMAC)
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| -g WxH[xDEPTH]
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| Set the initial VGA graphic mode. The default is 800x600x15.
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| SEE ALSO
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| The HTML documentation of QEMU for more precise information and Linux user mode emulator invocation.
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| AUTHOR
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| Fabrice Bellard
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| {{editing}}
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