Difference between revisions of "cmd/useradd/archive/Red Hat Fedora Core 4"
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==Manpage== | ==Manpage== | ||
===NAME=== | ===NAME=== | ||
− | *[[useradd]] - Create a new user or update default new user information | + | * [[useradd]] - Create a new user or update default new user information |
===SYNOPSIS=== | ===SYNOPSIS=== | ||
− | *[[useradd]] | + | * [[useradd]] {{arg/opt|-c <u>comment</u>}} {{arg/opt|-d <u>home_dir</u>}} {{arg/opt|-e <u>expire_date</u>}} {{arg/opt|-f <u>inactive_days</u>}} {{arg/opt|-g <u>initial_group</u>}} {{arg/opt|-G <u>group</u>[,...]}} {{arg/opt|-m [-k <u>skeleton_dir</u>] <nowiki>|</nowiki> -M}} {{arg/opt|-n}} {{arg/opt|-o}} {{arg/opt|-p <u>passwd</u>}} {{arg/opt|-r}} {{arg/opt|-l}} {{arg/opt|-s <u>shell</u>}} {{arg/opt|-u <u>uid</u>}} <u>login</u> |
− | + | * {{Linuxcmd|useradd}} -D {{arg/opt|-g <u>default_group</u>}} {{arg/opt|-b <u>default_home</u>}} {{arg/opt|-e <u>default_expire_date</u>}} {{arg/opt|-f <u>default_inactive</u>}} {{arg/opt|-s <u>default_shell</u>}} | |
− | [-k | + | |
− | |||
− | * | ||
− | |||
− | |||
===DESCRIPTION=== | ===DESCRIPTION=== | ||
'''Creating New Users''' | '''Creating New Users''' | ||
− | :When invoked without the -D option, the useradd command creates a new | + | :When invoked without the -D option, the useradd command creates a new user account using the values specified on the command line and the default values from the system. Depending on command line options, the useradd command will update system files and may also create the new user's home directory and copy initial files. The version provided with Red Hat Linux will create a group for each user added to the system, unless the -n option is given. |
− | user account using the values specified on the command line and the | ||
− | default values from the system. Depending on command line options, the | ||
− | useradd command will update system files and may also create the new | ||
− | user's home directory and copy initial files. The version provided with | ||
− | Red Hat Linux will create a group for each user added to the system, | ||
− | unless the -n option is given. | ||
===OPTIONS=== | ===OPTIONS=== | ||
The options which apply to the useradd command are: | The options which apply to the useradd command are: | ||
Line 28: | Line 15: | ||
| -c ''comment'' || The new user's password file comment field. | | -c ''comment'' || The new user's password file comment field. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -d ''home_dir'' || The new user will be created using home_dir as the | + | | -d ''home_dir'' || The new user will be created using home_dir as the value for the user's login directory. The default is to append the login name to ''default_home'' and use that as the login directory name. |
− | value for the user's login directory. The default is to append the | ||
− | login name to ''default_home'' and use that as the login directory | ||
− | name. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -e ''expire_date'' || The date on which the user account will be | + | | -e ''expire_date'' || The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified in the format YYYY-MM-DD. |
− | disabled. The date is specified in the format YYYY-MM-DD. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -f ''inactive_days'' || The number of days after a password expires | + | | -f ''inactive_days'' || The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a value of -1 disables the feature. The default value is -1. |
− | until the account is permanently disabled. A value of 0 disables the | ||
− | account as soon as the password has expired, and a value of -1 disables | ||
− | the feature. The default value is -1. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -g ''initial_group'' || The group name or number of the user's | + | | -g ''initial_group'' || The group name or number of the user's initial login group. The group name must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group. The default group number is 1 or whatever is specified in /etc/default/useradd. |
− | initial login group. The group name must exist. A group number must | ||
− | refer to an already existing group. The default group number is 1 or | ||
− | whatever is specified in /etc/default/useradd. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -G ''group'',[...] || A list of supplementary groups which the user | + | | -G ''group'',[...] || A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the -g option. The default is for the user to belong only to the initial group. |
− | is also a member of. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, | ||
− | with no intervening whitespace. The groups are subject to the same | ||
− | restrictions as the group given with the -g option. The default is for | ||
− | the user to belong only to the initial group. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -M || The user's home directory will not be created, even if the | + | | -M || The user's home directory will not be created, even if the system wide settings from /etc/login.defs is to create home dirs. |
− | system wide settings from /etc/login.defs is to create home dirs. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -m || The user's home directory will be created if it does not exist. | + | | -m || The user's home directory will be created if it does not exist. The files contained in ''skeleton_dir'' will be copied to the home directory if the -k option is used, otherwise the files contained in /etc/skel will be used instead. Any directories contained in skeleton_dir or /etc/skel will be created in the user's home directory as well. The -k option is only valid in conjunction with the -m option. The default is to not create the directory and to not copy any files. |
− | The files contained in ''skeleton_dir'' will be copied to the home | ||
− | directory if the -k option is used, otherwise the files contained in | ||
− | /etc/skel will be used instead. Any directories contained in | ||
− | skeleton_dir or /etc/skel will be created in the user's home directory | ||
− | as well. The -k option is only valid in conjunction with the -m option. | ||
− | The default is to not create the directory and to not copy any files. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -n || A group having the same name as the user being added to the | + | | -n || A group having the same name as the user being added to the system will be created by default. This option will turn off this Red Hat Linux specific behavior. |
− | system will be created by default. This option will turn off this Red | ||
− | Hat Linux specific behavior. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| -o || Allow create user with duplicate (non-unique) UID. | | -o || Allow create user with duplicate (non-unique) UID. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -p ''passwd'' || The encrypted password, as returned by crypt(3). The | + | | -p ''passwd'' || The encrypted password, as returned by crypt(3). The default is to disable the account. |
− | default is to disable the account. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -r || This flag is used to create a system account. That is, a user | + | | -r || This flag is used to create a system account. That is, a user with a UID lower than the value of UID_MIN defined in /etc/login.defs and whose password does not expire. Note that useradd will not create a home directory for such an user, regardless of the default setting in /etc/login.defs. You have to specify -m option if you want a home directory for a system account to be created. This is an option added by Red Hat. |
− | with a UID lower than the value of UID_MIN defined in /etc/login.defs | ||
− | and whose password does not expire. Note that useradd will not create a | ||
− | home directory for such an user, regardless of the default setting in | ||
− | /etc/login.defs. You have to specify -m option if you want a home | ||
− | directory for a system account to be created. This is an option added | ||
− | by Red Hat. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -l || Do not add the user to the last login log file. This is an | + | | -l || Do not add the user to the last login log file. This is an option added by Red Hat. |
− | option added by Red Hat. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -s ''shell'' || The name of the user's login shell. The default is to | + | | -s ''shell'' || The name of the user's login shell. The default is to leave this field blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell. |
− | leave this field blank, which causes the system to | ||
− | select the default login shell. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -u ''uid'' || The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must | + | | -u ''uid'' || The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the -o option is used. The value must be non-negative. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than 999 and greater than every other user. Values between 0 and 999 are typically reserved for system accounts. |
− | be unique, unless the -o option is used. The value must be | ||
− | non-negative. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than | ||
− | 999 and greater than every other user. Values between 0 and 999 are | ||
− | typically reserved for system accounts. | ||
|} | |} | ||
====Changing the default values==== | ====Changing the default values==== | ||
− | When invoked with the -D option, useradd will either display the | + | When invoked with the -D option, useradd will either display the current default values, or update the default values from the command line. The valid options are |
− | current default values, or update the default values from the command | ||
− | line. The valid options are | ||
{| | {| | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -b ''default_home'' || The initial path prefix for a new userâs home | + | | -b ''default_home'' || The initial path prefix for a new userâs home directory. The user's name will be affixed to the end of default_home to create the new directory name if the -d option is not used when creating a new account. |
− | directory. The user's name will be affixed to the end of default_home | ||
− | to create the new directory name if the -d option is not used when | ||
− | creating a new account. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -e ''default_expire_date'' || The date on which the user account is | + | | -e ''default_expire_date'' || The date on which the user account is disabled. |
− | disabled. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -f ''default_inactive'' || The number of days after a password has | + | | -f ''default_inactive'' || The number of days after a password has expired before the account will be disabled. |
− | expired before the account will be disabled. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -g ''default_group'' || The group name or ID for a new user's initial | + | | -g ''default_group'' || The group name or ID for a new user's initial group. The named group must exist, and a numerical group ID must have an existing entry . |
− | group. The named group must exist, and a numerical group ID must have | ||
− | an existing entry . | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | -s ''default_shell'' || The name of the new userâs login shell. The | + | | -s ''default_shell'' || The name of the new userâs login shell. The named program will be used for all future new user accounts. |
− | named program will be used for all future new user accounts. | ||
|} | |} | ||
− | If no options are specified, useradd displays the current default | + | If no options are specified, useradd displays the current default values. |
− | values. | ||
===NOTES=== | ===NOTES=== | ||
− | The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user | + | The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files in the /etc/skel/ directory. |
− | files in the /etc/skel/ directory. | + | |
− | This version of useradd was modified by Red Hat to suit Red Hat | + | This version of useradd was modified by Red Hat to suit Red Hat user/group conventions. |
− | user/group conventions. | + | |
===CAVEATS=== | ===CAVEATS=== | ||
− | You may not add a user to an NIS group. This must be performed on the | + | You may not add a user to an NIS group. This must be performed on the NIS server. |
− | NIS server. | ||
===FILES=== | ===FILES=== | ||
{| | {| | ||
Line 158: | Line 96: | ||
| 4 | - uid already in use (and no -o) | | 4 | - uid already in use (and no -o) | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 6 | - specified group | + | | 6 | - specified group doesn't exist |
|- | |- | ||
| 9 | - username already in use | | 9 | - username already in use | ||
Line 169: | Line 107: | ||
|} | |} | ||
===SEE ALSO=== | ===SEE ALSO=== | ||
− | [[chfn]](1), [[chsh]](1), [[passwd]](1), [[crypt]](3), [[groupadd]](8), | + | [[chfn]](1), [[chsh]](1), [[passwd]](1), [[crypt]](3), [[groupadd]](8), [[groupdel]](8), [[groupmod]](8), [[userdel]](8), [[usermod]](8) |
− | [[groupdel]](8), [[groupmod]](8), [[userdel]](8), [[usermod]](8) | ||
===AUTHOR=== | ===AUTHOR=== | ||
− | Julianne Frances Haugh (jockgrrl | + | Julianne Frances Haugh ({{email|jockgrrl|ix.netcom|com}}) |
==Edit Log== | ==Edit Log== | ||
− | * '''2005-09-14''': Copied from Red Hat Fedora Core 4 manpage. Need to | + | * '''2005-09-14''': Copied from Red Hat Fedora Core 4 manpage. Need to compare to some non-RedHat distro to see which bits are RedHat-only and mark them as such. |
− | compare to some non-RedHat distro to see which bits are RedHat-only and | ||
− | mark them as such. |
Latest revision as of 22:50, 13 November 2022
Manpage
NAME
- useradd - Create a new user or update default new user information
SYNOPSIS
- useradd [ <-c comment> ] [ <-d home_dir> ] [ <-e expire_date> ] [ <-f inactive_days> ] [ <-g initial_group> ] [ <-G group[,...]> ] [ <-m [-k skeleton_dir] | -M> ] [ <-n> ] [ <-o> ] [ <-p passwd> ] [ <-r> ] [ <-l> ] [ <-s shell> ] [ <-u uid> ] login
- useradd -D [ <-g default_group> ] [ <-b default_home> ] [ <-e default_expire_date> ] [ <-f default_inactive> ] [ <-s default_shell> ]
DESCRIPTION
Creating New Users
- When invoked without the -D option, the useradd command creates a new user account using the values specified on the command line and the default values from the system. Depending on command line options, the useradd command will update system files and may also create the new user's home directory and copy initial files. The version provided with Red Hat Linux will create a group for each user added to the system, unless the -n option is given.
OPTIONS
The options which apply to the useradd command are:
-c comment | The new user's password file comment field. |
-d home_dir | The new user will be created using home_dir as the value for the user's login directory. The default is to append the login name to default_home and use that as the login directory name. |
-e expire_date | The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified in the format YYYY-MM-DD. |
-f inactive_days | The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a value of -1 disables the feature. The default value is -1. |
-g initial_group | The group name or number of the user's initial login group. The group name must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group. The default group number is 1 or whatever is specified in /etc/default/useradd. |
-G group,[...] | A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the -g option. The default is for the user to belong only to the initial group. |
-M | The user's home directory will not be created, even if the system wide settings from /etc/login.defs is to create home dirs. |
-m | The user's home directory will be created if it does not exist. The files contained in skeleton_dir will be copied to the home directory if the -k option is used, otherwise the files contained in /etc/skel will be used instead. Any directories contained in skeleton_dir or /etc/skel will be created in the user's home directory as well. The -k option is only valid in conjunction with the -m option. The default is to not create the directory and to not copy any files. |
-n | A group having the same name as the user being added to the system will be created by default. This option will turn off this Red Hat Linux specific behavior. |
-o | Allow create user with duplicate (non-unique) UID. |
-p passwd | The encrypted password, as returned by crypt(3). The default is to disable the account. |
-r | This flag is used to create a system account. That is, a user with a UID lower than the value of UID_MIN defined in /etc/login.defs and whose password does not expire. Note that useradd will not create a home directory for such an user, regardless of the default setting in /etc/login.defs. You have to specify -m option if you want a home directory for a system account to be created. This is an option added by Red Hat. |
-l | Do not add the user to the last login log file. This is an option added by Red Hat. |
-s shell | The name of the user's login shell. The default is to leave this field blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell. |
-u uid | The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the -o option is used. The value must be non-negative. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than 999 and greater than every other user. Values between 0 and 999 are typically reserved for system accounts. |
Changing the default values
When invoked with the -D option, useradd will either display the current default values, or update the default values from the command line. The valid options are
-b default_home | The initial path prefix for a new userâs home directory. The user's name will be affixed to the end of default_home to create the new directory name if the -d option is not used when creating a new account. |
-e default_expire_date | The date on which the user account is disabled. |
-f default_inactive | The number of days after a password has expired before the account will be disabled. |
-g default_group | The group name or ID for a new user's initial group. The named group must exist, and a numerical group ID must have an existing entry . |
-s default_shell | The name of the new userâs login shell. The named program will be used for all future new user accounts. |
If no options are specified, useradd displays the current default values.
NOTES
The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files in the /etc/skel/ directory.
This version of useradd was modified by Red Hat to suit Red Hat user/group conventions.
CAVEATS
You may not add a user to an NIS group. This must be performed on the NIS server.
FILES
/etc/passwd | - user account information |
/etc/shadow | - secure user account information |
/etc/group | - group information |
/etc/gshadow | - secure group information |
/etc/default/useradd | - default information |
/etc/login.defs | - system-wide settings |
/etc/skel/ | - directory containing default files |
EXIT VALUES
The useradd command exits with the following values:
- success |
- can't update password file |
- invalid command syntax |
- invalid argument to option |
- uid already in use (and no -o) |
- specified group doesn't exist |
- username already in use |
- can't update group file |
- can't create home directory |
- can't create mail spool |
SEE ALSO
chfn(1), chsh(1), passwd(1), crypt(3), groupadd(8), groupdel(8), groupmod(8), userdel(8), usermod(8)
AUTHOR
Julianne Frances Haugh (jockgrrlspam@spamix.netcomspam.spamcom)
Edit Log
- 2005-09-14: Copied from Red Hat Fedora Core 4 manpage. Need to compare to some non-RedHat distro to see which bits are RedHat-only and mark them as such.