Difference between revisions of "Qemu"

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(Notes were all Linux-specific, so moved them to "qemu on linux" article)
 
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[[Category:Techniques]]
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[[Computing]]: [[Emulators]]: [[Qemu]]
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[[Techniques]]: Software: Emulators: [[Qemu]]
 
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[http://qemu.org/ QEMU] is an open source processor emulator. It
 
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emulates a variety of different [http://qemu.org/status.html CPUs and
 
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systems], and achieves good speed by using dynamic translation.
 
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==Some Quick Notes==
 
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*Creating the disk image: qemu-img create win98hd.img 2G qemu -hda
 
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win98hd.img -cdrom win98.iso -boot d
 
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For linux host systems, there is a loadable kernel module (called
 
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kqemu) that will allow qemu to run at near native speeds. At the time
 
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of this writing, there aren't distributed packages available with the
 
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module built, so you'll need to download the source from the website
 
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and compile it locally.
 
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First download the
 
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[http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/qemu-0.7.0.tar.gz qemu source] and
 
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[[untar]] it. Then download the
 
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[http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/kqemu-0.6.2-1.tar.gz kqemu source]
 
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and [[untar]] it within the qemu source directory. Then run ./configure
 
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&& make && sudo make install. You might also want to
 
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install the vgabios package from your package manager.
 
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If you're wanting to run Win98 under qemu, this option is moot because
 
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kqemu and Win98 don't get along.
 
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==Documentation==
 
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NAME qemu - QEMU System Emulator SYNOPSIS usage: qemu [options]
 
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[disk_image] DESCRIPTION The QEMU System emulator simulates a complete
 
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PC. In order to meet specific user needs, two versions of QEMU are
 
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available: 1.
 
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"qemu-fast" uses the host Memory Management Unit (MMU) to simulate the
 
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x86 MMU. It is fast but has limitations because the whole 4 GB address
 
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space cannot be used and some memory mapped peripherials cannot be
 
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emulated accurately yet. Therefore, a specific guest Linux kernel can
 
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be used Moreover there is no separation between the host and target
 
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address spaces, so it offers no security (the target OS can modify the
 
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"qemu-fast" code by writing at the right addresses). 2.
 
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"qemu" uses a software MMU. It is about two times slower but giv es a
 
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more accurate emulation and a complete separation between the host and
 
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target address spaces. QEMU emulates the following PC peripherials: -
 
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i440FX host PCI bridge and PIIX3 PCI to ISA bridge - Cirrus CLGD 5446
 
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PCI VGA card or dummy VGA card with Bochs VESA extensions (hardware
 
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level, including all non standard modes). -
 
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PS/2 mouse and keyboard - 2 PCI IDE interfaces with hard disk and
 
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CD-ROM support - Floppy disk -
 
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NE2000 PCI network adapters - Serial ports - Soundblaster 16 card QEMU
 
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uses the PC BIOS from the Bochs project and the Plex86/Bochs LGPL VGA
 
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BIOS. OPTIONS
 
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disk_image is a raw hard disk image for IDE hard disk 0. General
 
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options: -fda file
 
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-fdb file Use file as floppy disk 0/1 image You can use the host floppy
 
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by using /dev/fd0 as filename. -hda file
 
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-hdb file
 
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-hdc file
 
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-hdd file Use file as hard disk 0, 1, 2 or 3 image -cdrom file Use file
 
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as CD-ROM image (you cannot use -hdc and and -cdrom at the same time).
 
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You can use the host CD-ROM by using /dev/cdrom as filename. -boot
 
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[a|c|d] Boot on floppy (a), hard disk (c) or CD-ROM (d). Hard disk boot
 
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is the default. -snapshot Write to temporary files instead of disk
 
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image files. In this case, the raw disk image you use is not written
 
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back. You can however force the write back by pressing C-a s -m megs
 
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Set virtual RAM size to megs megabytes. Default is 128 MB. -nographic
 
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Normally, QEMU uses SDL to display the VGA output. With this option,
 
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you can totally disable graphical output so that QEMU is a simple
 
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command line application. The emulated serial port is redirected on the
 
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console. Therefore, you can still use QEMU to debug a Linux kernel with
 
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a serial console. -enable-audio The SB16 emulation is disabled by
 
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default as it may give problems with Windows. You can enable it
 
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manually with this option. -localtime Set the real time clock to local
 
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time (the default is to UTC time). This option is needed to have
 
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correct date in MS-DOS or Windows. -full-screen Start in full screen.
 
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Network options: -n script Set TUN/TAP network init script
 
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[default=/etc/qemu-ifup]. This script is launched
 
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to configure the host network interface (usually tun0) corresponding to
 
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the virtual NE2000 card. -macaddr addr Set the mac address of the first
 
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interface (the format is aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff in hexa). The mac address is
 
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incremented for each new network interface. -tun-fd fd Assumes fd talks
 
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to a tap/tun host network interface and use it. Read
 
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<http://bellard.org/qemu/tetrinet.html> to have an example of its
 
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use. -user-net Use the user mode network stack. This is the default if
 
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no tun/tap network init script is found. -tftp prefix When using the
 
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user mode network stack, activate a built-in TFTP server. All filenames
 
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beginning with prefix can be downloaded from the host to the guest
 
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using a TFTP client. The TFTP client on the guest must be configured in
 
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binary mode (use the command "bin" of the Unix TFTP client). The host
 
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IP address on the guest is as usual 10.0.2.2. -smb dir When using the
 
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user mode network stack, activate a built-in SMB server so that Windows
 
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OSes can access to the host files in dir transparently. In the guest
 
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Windows OS, the line: 10.0.2.4 smbserver must be added in the file
 
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C:\WINDOWS\LMHOSTS (for windows 9x/Me) or
 
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C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC\LMHOSTS (Windows NT/2000). Then dir can
 
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be accessed in \\smbserver\qemu. Note that a SAMBA server must be
 
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installed on the host OS in /usr/sbin/smbd. QEMU was tested succesfully
 
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with smbd version 2.2.7a from the Red Hat 9. -redir
 
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[tcp|udp]:host-port:[guest-host]:guest-port When using the user mode
 
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network stack, redirect incoming TCP or UDP connections to the host
 
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port host-port to the guest guest-host on guest port guest-port. If
 
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guest-host is not specified, its value is 10.0.2.15 (default address
 
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given by the built-in DHCP server). For example, to redirect host X11
 
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connection from screen 1 to guest screen 0, use the following: # on the
 
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host qemu -redir tcp:6001::6000 [...] # this host xterm should open in
 
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the guest X11 server xterm -display :1 To redirect telnet connections
 
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from host port 5555 to telnet port on the guest, use the following: #
 
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on the host qemu -redir tcp:5555::23 [...] telnet localhost 5555 Then
 
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when you use on the host "telnet localhost 5555", you connect to the
 
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guest telnet server. -dummy-net Use the dummy network stack: no packet
 
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will be received by the network cards. Linux boot specific. When using
 
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this options, you can use a given Linux kernel without installing it in
 
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the disk image. It can be useful for easier testing of various kernels.
 
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-kernel bzImage Use bzImage as kernel image. -append cmdline Use
 
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cmdline as kernel command line -initrd file Use file as initial ram
 
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disk. Debug/Expert options: -serial dev Redirect the virtual serial
 
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port to host device dev. Available devices are: "vc" Virtual console
 
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"pty" [Linux only] Pseudo TTY (a new PTY is automatically allocated)
 
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"null" void device "stdio" [Unix only] standard input/output The
 
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default device is "vc" in graphical mode and "stdio" in non graphical
 
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mode. This option can be used several times to simulate up to 4 serials
 
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ports. -monitor dev Redirect the monitor to host device dev (same
 
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devices as the serial port). The default device is "vc" in graphical
 
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mode and "stdio" in non graphical mode. -s Wait gdb connection to port
 
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1234 -p port Change gdb connection port. -S Do not start CPU at startup
 
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(you must type 'c' in the monitor). -d Output log in /tmp/qemu.log -isa
 
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Simulate an ISA-only system (default is PCI system). -std-vga Simulate
 
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a standard VGA card with Bochs VBE extensions (default is Cirrus Logic
 
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GD5446 PCI VGA) -loadvm file Start right away with a saved state
 
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("loadvm" in monitor) During the graphical emulation, you can use the
 
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following keys: Ctrl-Alt-f Toggle full screen Ctrl-Alt-n Switch to
 
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virtual console 'n'. Standard console mappings are: 1 Target system
 
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display 2 Monitor 3 Serial port Ctrl-Alt Toggle mouse and keyboard
 
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grab. In the virtual consoles, you can use Ctrl-Up, Ctrl-Down, Ctrl-PageUp and Ctrl-PageDown to move in the back log.
 
  
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During emulation, if you are using the -nographic option, use Ctrl-a h to get terminal commands:
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[[Qemu]] is an open source processor emulator. It emulates a variety of different [http://qemu.org/status.html CPUs and systems], and achieves good speed by using dynamic translation.
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Ctrl-a h
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==Reference==
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Print this help
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* [http://qemu.org/ official homepage]
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Ctrl-a x
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* {{wikipedia|QEMU}}
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Exit emulatior
 
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Ctrl-a s
 
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Save disk data back to file (if -snapshot)
 
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Ctrl-a b
 
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Send break (magic sysrq in Linux)
 
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Ctrl-a c
 
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Switch between console and monitor
 
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Ctrl-a Ctrl-a
 
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Send Ctrl-a
 
  
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==Articles==
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The following options are specific to the PowerPC emulation:  
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*[[Qemu on Linux]]: setting up and using Qemu under Linux
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-prep
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*[[Win98 in Qemu]]: installing and running [[Windows 98]] inside Qemu
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Simulate a PREP system (default is PowerMAC)
 
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-g WxH[xDEPTH]
 
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Set the initial VGA graphic mode. The default is 800x600x15.
 
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SEE ALSO
 
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The HTML documentation of QEMU for more precise information and Linux user mode emulator invocation.
 
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AUTHOR
 
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Fabrice Bellard
 
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{{editing}}
 

Latest revision as of 17:11, 18 February 2006

Computing: Emulators: Qemu

Qemu is an open source processor emulator. It emulates a variety of different CPUs and systems, and achieves good speed by using dynamic translation.

Reference

Articles

Retrieved from "https://htyp.org/mw/index.php?title=Qemu&oldid=3306"