IP address

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An IP address (Internet Protocol address) is a set of numbers used within the TCP/IP network protocol to identify a particular connection on a network (such as the internet). Addresses within IPv4, the current standard, consist of 4 bytes expressed in decimal and separated by a period, e.g. 192.168.0.1. IPv6 addresses are somewhat more complicated.

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[edit] Special Addresses

Certain addresses within IPv4 are reserved for particular uses, and are treated differently. Some of the most commonly-used reserved addresses are:

127.0.0.1	localhost (i.e. the machine issuing the request)
192.168.x.x	internal addresses for Network Address Translation
255.255.255.255	broadcast