gender/101 - Revision history

Woozle: /* Links */

2021-09-16T20:40:27Z

Links

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	* World Health Organization: [http://www.who.int/genomics/gender/en/index1.html Gender and Genetics]		* World Health Organization: [http://www.who.int/genomics/gender/en/index1.html Gender and Genetics]
	* Trans Student Educational Resources: [http://www.transstudent.org/gender The Gender Unicorn] (infographic)		* Trans Student Educational Resources: [http://www.transstudent.org/gender The Gender Unicorn] (infographic)
			* '''2021-09-15''' [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=of7vrIIcTa0 Why Y Chromosomes Won’t Be Around Forever] (12:05 video, SciShow): sex determination happens in many, many different ways
	* '''2019-09-05''' [https://freethoughtblogs.com/pharyngula/2019/09/05/biased-sources-motivated-reasoning-and-blithe-assumptions-the-terf-story/ Biased sources, motivated reasoning, and blithe assumptions: the TERF story]		* '''2019-09-05''' [https://freethoughtblogs.com/pharyngula/2019/09/05/biased-sources-motivated-reasoning-and-blithe-assumptions-the-terf-story/ Biased sources, motivated reasoning, and blithe assumptions: the TERF story]
	* '''2018-11-13''' [https://slate.com/technology/2018/11/sex-binary-gender-neither-exist.html We Finally Understand That Gender Isn’t Binary. Sex Isn’t, Either.]		* '''2018-11-13''' [https://slate.com/technology/2018/11/sex-binary-gender-neither-exist.html We Finally Understand That Gender Isn’t Binary. Sex Isn’t, Either.]

Woozle at 20:07, 5 June 2021

2021-06-05T20:07:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:07, 5 June 2021
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	[[category:gender]]		[[category:gender]]
	</hide>		</hide>
			{{box/right\|__TOC__}}
			==vs. Sex==
	The first thing you need to understand is that '''"gender" is not the same thing as "(which) sex"'''. They are often used interchangeably, and indeed ''in most people'' they are intercorrelated to a very high degree, but there is a significant portion of the population for which this is not true.		The first thing you need to understand is that '''"gender" is not the same thing as "(which) sex"'''. They are often used interchangeably, and indeed ''in most people'' they are intercorrelated to a very high degree, but there is a significant portion of the population for which this is not true.

Woozle: /* Gender Attributes */

2020-08-03T13:11:59Z

Gender Attributes

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	Gender-related attributes include:		Gender-related attributes include:
	* '''physical''':		* '''physical / biological''':
	** chromosomes (XX, XY, or other)		** chromosomes (XX, XY, or other)
	** skin tone (adult females tend to have softer, lighter skin with a layer of subcutaneous fat)		** skin tone (adult females tend to have softer, lighter skin with a layer of subcutaneous fat)
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	** body & facial hair (adult males tend to have more hair everywhere except the top of the head, especially on the face)		** body & facial hair (adult males tend to have more hair everywhere except the top of the head, especially on the face)
	** genital configuration (inny vs. outy, with a few other variations generally (and questionably!) viewed as birth defects)		** genital configuration (inny vs. outy, with a few other variations generally (and questionably!) viewed as birth defects)
			** sex hormone balance (mix of androgen, estrogen, and progestens)
	** back of the skull (adult males have a bump which children and adult females lack)		** back of the skull (adult males have a bump which children and adult females lack)
	** musculature (adult males tend to have greater upper-body strength)		** musculature (adult males tend to have greater upper-body strength)
	** height (adult females tend to be a few inches shorter than adult males)		** height (adult females tend to be a few inches shorter than adult males)
	** '''reproductive'''		** '''reproductive role'''
	*** ~~which role one's body plays in the creation of an embryo, i.e.~~ whether you contribute an egg or sperm<ref>In theory, this could be separate from the mechanics of intercourse (who does the injecting and who does the hosting), but I don't know of any examples.</ref>		*** whether you contribute an egg or sperm<ref>In theory, this could be separate from the mechanics of intercourse (who does the injecting and who does the hosting), but I don't know of any examples.</ref>
	*** whether one's body hosts the embryo		*** whether one's body hosts the embryo
			** brain structures (which heavily influence behavior and determine gender identity)
	* '''behavioral'''		* '''behavioral'''
			** '''gender identity''': what gender you feel like you are in your head (male, female, agender, genderfluid...)
	** '''sexual attraction''': males tend to prefer females and vice-versa, but this is reversed for a large percentage of the population ("homosexuality"). Some people are attracted to members of both genders ("bisexual"), while some are best described as "asexual" (not feeling sexual attraction for anyone)		** '''sexual attraction''': males tend to prefer females and vice-versa, but this is reversed for a large percentage of the population ("homosexuality"). Some people are attracted to members of both genders ("bisexual"), while some are best described as "asexual" (not feeling sexual attraction for anyone)
	** '''play affinity''': juveniles tend to prefer to play with members of the "same" physical gender; to some extent this is socialized, but it also seems to be a genuine preference -- boys have a notable tendency towards very different and incompatible styles of play than girls do (see next item)		** '''play affinity''': juveniles tend to prefer to play with members of the "same" physical gender; to some extent this is socialized, but it also seems to be a genuine preference -- boys have a notable tendency towards very different and incompatible styles of play than girls do (see next item)

Woozle: /* Links */

2020-07-10T12:12:40Z

Links

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:12, 10 July 2020
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	* Trans Student Educational Resources: [http://www.transstudent.org/gender The Gender Unicorn] (infographic)		* Trans Student Educational Resources: [http://www.transstudent.org/gender The Gender Unicorn] (infographic)
	* '''2019-09-05''' [https://freethoughtblogs.com/pharyngula/2019/09/05/biased-sources-motivated-reasoning-and-blithe-assumptions-the-terf-story/ Biased sources, motivated reasoning, and blithe assumptions: the TERF story]		* '''2019-09-05''' [https://freethoughtblogs.com/pharyngula/2019/09/05/biased-sources-motivated-reasoning-and-blithe-assumptions-the-terf-story/ Biased sources, motivated reasoning, and blithe assumptions: the TERF story]
			* '''2018-11-13''' [https://slate.com/technology/2018/11/sex-binary-gender-neither-exist.html We Finally Understand That Gender Isn’t Binary. Sex Isn’t, Either.]
	* '''2018-01-05''' [https://freethoughtblogs.com/pharyngula/2018/01/05/if-youre-multicellular-you-cant-help-but-be-mosaic/ If you're multicellular, you can't help but be mosaic]		* '''2018-01-05''' [https://freethoughtblogs.com/pharyngula/2018/01/05/if-youre-multicellular-you-cant-help-but-be-mosaic/ If you're multicellular, you can't help but be mosaic]
	* '''2017-09-01''' [https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/beyond-xx-and-xy-the-extraordinary-complexity-of-sex-determination/ Beyond XX and XY: The Extraordinary Complexity of Sex Determination]		* '''2017-09-01''' [https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/beyond-xx-and-xy-the-extraordinary-complexity-of-sex-determination/ Beyond XX and XY: The Extraordinary Complexity of Sex Determination]

Woozle: /* Links */ URL update

2020-07-10T00:29:58Z

Links: URL update

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:29, 10 July 2020
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	* '''2018-01-05''' [https://freethoughtblogs.com/pharyngula/2018/01/05/if-youre-multicellular-you-cant-help-but-be-mosaic/ If you're multicellular, you can't help but be mosaic]		* '''2018-01-05''' [https://freethoughtblogs.com/pharyngula/2018/01/05/if-youre-multicellular-you-cant-help-but-be-mosaic/ If you're multicellular, you can't help but be mosaic]
	* '''2017-09-01''' [https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/beyond-xx-and-xy-the-extraordinary-complexity-of-sex-determination/ Beyond XX and XY: The Extraordinary Complexity of Sex Determination]		* '''2017-09-01''' [https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/beyond-xx-and-xy-the-extraordinary-complexity-of-sex-determination/ Beyond XX and XY: The Extraordinary Complexity of Sex Determination]
	* '''2017-04-28''' [http://www.upworthy.com/a-former-~~mythbusters~~-extra-thanks-adam-savage-for-crushing-a-harmful-myth-about-gender~~?c=ufb1~~ A former 'MythBusters' extra thanks Adam Savage for crushing a harmful myth about gender.] ([https://plus.google.com/+PaulaRizzuto/posts/KzrD1XHTKHg via])		* '''2017-04-28''' [https://web.archive.org/web/20190413182729/http://www.upworthy.com/a-former-myth-busters-extra-thanks-adam-savage-for-crushing-a-harmful-myth-about-gender A former 'MythBusters' extra thanks Adam Savage for crushing a harmful myth about gender.] ([https://plus.google.com/+PaulaRizzuto/posts/KzrD1XHTKHg via])
	* '''2017-03-03''' [https://plus.google.com/+MarlaCaldwell/posts/RNrdpGz5p2e Facebook post via Google+] listing some of the many variations of biological gender		* '''2017-03-03''' [https://plus.google.com/+MarlaCaldwell/posts/RNrdpGz5p2e Facebook post via Google+] listing some of the many variations of biological gender
	* '''2016-04-17''' [http://geekdad.com/2016/04/gender-language-primer/ Gender Identity and Associated Gender Language: A Primer]		* '''2016-04-17''' [http://geekdad.com/2016/04/gender-language-primer/ Gender Identity and Associated Gender Language: A Primer]

Woozle: /* Links */ more exact date for one link

2020-02-20T01:46:01Z

Links: more exact date for one link

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:46, 20 February 2020
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	* '''2019-09-05''' [https://freethoughtblogs.com/pharyngula/2019/09/05/biased-sources-motivated-reasoning-and-blithe-assumptions-the-terf-story/ Biased sources, motivated reasoning, and blithe assumptions: the TERF story]		* '''2019-09-05''' [https://freethoughtblogs.com/pharyngula/2019/09/05/biased-sources-motivated-reasoning-and-blithe-assumptions-the-terf-story/ Biased sources, motivated reasoning, and blithe assumptions: the TERF story]
	* '''2018-01-05''' [https://freethoughtblogs.com/pharyngula/2018/01/05/if-youre-multicellular-you-cant-help-but-be-mosaic/ If you're multicellular, you can't help but be mosaic]		* '''2018-01-05''' [https://freethoughtblogs.com/pharyngula/2018/01/05/if-youre-multicellular-you-cant-help-but-be-mosaic/ If you're multicellular, you can't help but be mosaic]
	* '''2017-09 $''' [https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/beyond-xx-and-xy-the-extraordinary-complexity-of-sex-determination/ Beyond XX and XY: The Extraordinary Complexity of Sex Determination]		* '''2017-09-01''' [https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/beyond-xx-and-xy-the-extraordinary-complexity-of-sex-determination/ Beyond XX and XY: The Extraordinary Complexity of Sex Determination]
	* '''2017-04-28''' [http://www.upworthy.com/a-former-mythbusters-extra-thanks-adam-savage-for-crushing-a-harmful-myth-about-gender?c=ufb1 A former 'MythBusters' extra thanks Adam Savage for crushing a harmful myth about gender.] ([https://plus.google.com/+PaulaRizzuto/posts/KzrD1XHTKHg via])		* '''2017-04-28''' [http://www.upworthy.com/a-former-mythbusters-extra-thanks-adam-savage-for-crushing-a-harmful-myth-about-gender?c=ufb1 A former 'MythBusters' extra thanks Adam Savage for crushing a harmful myth about gender.] ([https://plus.google.com/+PaulaRizzuto/posts/KzrD1XHTKHg via])
	* '''2017-03-03''' [https://plus.google.com/+MarlaCaldwell/posts/RNrdpGz5p2e Facebook post via Google+] listing some of the many variations of biological gender		* '''2017-03-03''' [https://plus.google.com/+MarlaCaldwell/posts/RNrdpGz5p2e Facebook post via Google+] listing some of the many variations of biological gender

Woozle at 13:38, 18 October 2019

2019-10-18T13:38:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:38, 18 October 2019
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	* '''sex''' (as in the attribute, not the act) is most commonly used to mean the ''physical, genetic, or biological'' male-ness or female-ness of a person. It is a common misperception that this is entirely caused by the presence or absence of a Y chromosome, though the misperception is understandable because this is certainly true in the overwhelming majority of cases. But there are clear exceptions. "Sex" in this meaning might be less misleadingly called '''physical gender'''.		* '''sex''' (as in the attribute, not the act) is most commonly used to mean the ''physical, genetic, or biological'' male-ness or female-ness of a person. It is a common misperception that this is entirely caused by the presence or absence of a Y chromosome, though the misperception is understandable because this is certainly true in the overwhelming majority of cases. But there are clear exceptions. "Sex" in this meaning might be less misleadingly called '''physical gender'''.
	* '''gender''' refers to ''all'' attributes which are commonly thought of as "masculine" or "feminine" traits. This technically includes "sex", so you might define "sex" as "one's physical/genetic/biological gender". However, even leaving out "sex", there are many separate aspects to "gender". Again, these aspects are highly correlated in most people -- but not in everyone.		* '''gender''' refers to ''all'' attributes which are commonly thought of as "masculine" or "feminine" traits. This technically includes "sex", so you might define "sex" as "one's physical/genetic/biological gender". However, even leaving out "sex", there are many separate aspects to "gender". Again, these aspects are highly correlated in most people -- but not in everyone.
	==~~gender~~==		==Gender==
	The next thing you need to understand is that '''there are many attributes, both physical and behavioral, which make up what we call "gender"'''. (In other words, gender is not "either-or", or even a "spectrum", but a ''multidimensional continuum''.<ref>'''2013-04-20''' [http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/21/opinion/sunday/the-tangle-of-the-sexes.html?hp&_r=0 The Tangle of the Sexes]</ref>) These attributes may tend to [[issuepedia:similarity cluster\|cluster]] into two groups which we call "male" and "female", but these convenient labels are inadequate to describe the true situation for many people. <ref>'''2013-02-05''' [http://invisiblelad.tumblr.com/post/42340034458/study-debunks-notion-that-men-and-women-are Study debunks notion that men and women are psychologically distinct]</ref> <ref>'''2013-03-18''' [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-21788238 Richard O'Brien: "I'm 70% man"]</ref>		The next thing you need to understand is that '''there are many attributes, both physical and behavioral, which make up what we call "gender"'''. (In other words, gender is not "either-or", or even a "spectrum", but a ''multidimensional continuum''.<ref>'''2013-04-20''' [http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/21/opinion/sunday/the-tangle-of-the-sexes.html?hp&_r=0 The Tangle of the Sexes]</ref>) These attributes may tend to [[issuepedia:similarity cluster\|cluster]] into two groups which we call "male" and "female", but these convenient labels are inadequate to describe the true situation for many people. <ref>'''2013-02-05''' [http://invisiblelad.tumblr.com/post/42340034458/study-debunks-notion-that-men-and-women-are Study debunks notion that men and women are psychologically distinct]</ref> <ref>'''2013-03-18''' [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-21788238 Richard O'Brien: "I'm 70% man"]</ref>

	Gender is therefore a '''social construct''' based around arbitrary {{l/ip\|similarity cluster}}s, not a "scientific fact" or any other such authoritative term. You can draw lines around specific sets of attributes and decide that "male" is on one side of the line and "female" is on the other, but any particular set of lines are going to be highly context-dependent; if scientific rigor is desired, it's much better to speak in terms of those specific attributes (e.g. "has penis" or "menstruates" – and remember that there are individuals who do both!) than in vague terms like "female" or "male".		Gender is therefore a '''social construct''' based around arbitrary {{l/ip\|similarity cluster}}s, not a "scientific fact" or any other such authoritative term. You can draw lines around specific sets of attributes and decide that "male" is on one side of the line and "female" is on the other, but any particular set of lines are going to be highly context-dependent; if scientific rigor is desired, it's much better to speak in terms of those specific attributes (e.g. "has penis" or "menstruates" – and remember that there are individuals who do both!) than in vague terms like "female" or "male".
	==~~attributes~~==		===Gender Attributes===
	Note that when we use the terms "male"/"boy"/"man" or "female"/"girl"/"woman" here, we are referring to the particular sets of gender-attributes that apply in each case, not endorsing {{l/ip\|gender essentialism}}.		Note that when we use the terms "male"/"boy"/"man" or "female"/"girl"/"woman" here, we are referring to the particular sets of gender-attributes that apply in each case, not endorsing {{l/ip\|gender essentialism}}.

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	** '''sense''': the ''sense'' or ''feeling'' of which gender you "are" inside your head; it's not clear what generates this, but it seems to be a combination of factors and is sometimes felt quite strongly -- and sometimes in sharp disagreement with physical gender. (This sense is also sometimes referred to as "gender identity", though I am here using that term in a broader way to refer to all the various components of gender, in sum.)<ref>When that sense is at odds with one's physical or socially-perceived gender, this causes an intense discomfort called [[gender dysphoria]].</ref>		** '''sense''': the ''sense'' or ''feeling'' of which gender you "are" inside your head; it's not clear what generates this, but it seems to be a combination of factors and is sometimes felt quite strongly -- and sometimes in sharp disagreement with physical gender. (This sense is also sometimes referred to as "gender identity", though I am here using that term in a broader way to refer to all the various components of gender, in sum.)<ref>When that sense is at odds with one's physical or socially-perceived gender, this causes an intense discomfort called [[gender dysphoria]].</ref>

	==The Gender Continuum==		===The Gender Continuum===
	And finally, none of these attributes – not even the physical ones – have clear lines of demarcation. You can place a line in any arbitrary place and declare that anyone on one side of it is female and anyone on the other side is male, but there will always be people who don't fit your expectations.		And finally, none of these attributes – not even the physical ones – have clear lines of demarcation. You can place a line in any arbitrary place and declare that anyone on one side of it is female and anyone on the other side is male, but there will always be people who don't fit your expectations.

Woozle: /* gender */

2019-10-18T13:36:24Z

gender

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:36, 18 October 2019
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	Gender is therefore a '''social construct''' based around arbitrary {{l/ip\|similarity cluster}}s, not a "scientific fact" or any other such authoritative term. You can draw lines around specific sets of attributes and decide that "male" is on one side of the line and "female" is on the other, but any particular set of lines are going to be highly context-dependent; if scientific rigor is desired, it's much better to speak in terms of those specific attributes (e.g. "has penis" or "menstruates" – and remember that there are individuals who do both!) than in vague terms like "female" or "male".		Gender is therefore a '''social construct''' based around arbitrary {{l/ip\|similarity cluster}}s, not a "scientific fact" or any other such authoritative term. You can draw lines around specific sets of attributes and decide that "male" is on one side of the line and "female" is on the other, but any particular set of lines are going to be highly context-dependent; if scientific rigor is desired, it's much better to speak in terms of those specific attributes (e.g. "has penis" or "menstruates" – and remember that there are individuals who do both!) than in vague terms like "female" or "male".
			==attributes==
			Note that when we use the terms "male"/"boy"/"man" or "female"/"girl"/"woman" here, we are referring to the particular sets of gender-attributes that apply in each case, not endorsing {{l/ip\|gender essentialism}}.

	Gender-related attributes include:		Gender-related attributes include:

Woozle: /* gender */ another thing

2019-10-18T13:31:37Z

gender: another thing

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	** '''reproductive'''		** '''reproductive'''
	*** which role one's body plays in the creation of an embryo, i.e. whether you contribute an egg or sperm<ref>In theory, this could be separate from the mechanics of intercourse (who does the injecting and who does the hosting), but I don't know of any examples.</ref>		*** which role one's body plays in the creation of an embryo, i.e. whether you contribute an egg or sperm<ref>In theory, this could be separate from the mechanics of intercourse (who does the injecting and who does the hosting), but I don't know of any examples.</ref>
			*** whether one's body hosts the embryo
	* '''behavioral'''		* '''behavioral'''
	** '''sexual attraction''': males tend to prefer females and vice-versa, but this is reversed for a large percentage of the population ("homosexuality"). Some people are attracted to members of both genders ("bisexual"), while some are best described as "asexual" (not feeling sexual attraction for anyone)		** '''sexual attraction''': males tend to prefer females and vice-versa, but this is reversed for a large percentage of the population ("homosexuality"). Some people are attracted to members of both genders ("bisexual"), while some are best described as "asexual" (not feeling sexual attraction for anyone)

Woozle: /* gender */ slight rephrase for clarity

2019-10-18T13:29:45Z

gender: slight rephrase for clarity

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:29, 18 October 2019
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	The next thing you need to understand is that '''there are many attributes, both physical and behavioral, which make up what we call "gender"'''. (In other words, gender is not "either-or", or even a "spectrum", but a ''multidimensional continuum''.<ref>'''2013-04-20''' [http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/21/opinion/sunday/the-tangle-of-the-sexes.html?hp&_r=0 The Tangle of the Sexes]</ref>) These attributes may tend to [[issuepedia:similarity cluster\|cluster]] into two groups which we call "male" and "female", but these convenient labels are inadequate to describe the true situation for many people. <ref>'''2013-02-05''' [http://invisiblelad.tumblr.com/post/42340034458/study-debunks-notion-that-men-and-women-are Study debunks notion that men and women are psychologically distinct]</ref> <ref>'''2013-03-18''' [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-21788238 Richard O'Brien: "I'm 70% man"]</ref>		The next thing you need to understand is that '''there are many attributes, both physical and behavioral, which make up what we call "gender"'''. (In other words, gender is not "either-or", or even a "spectrum", but a ''multidimensional continuum''.<ref>'''2013-04-20''' [http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/21/opinion/sunday/the-tangle-of-the-sexes.html?hp&_r=0 The Tangle of the Sexes]</ref>) These attributes may tend to [[issuepedia:similarity cluster\|cluster]] into two groups which we call "male" and "female", but these convenient labels are inadequate to describe the true situation for many people. <ref>'''2013-02-05''' [http://invisiblelad.tumblr.com/post/42340034458/study-debunks-notion-that-men-and-women-are Study debunks notion that men and women are psychologically distinct]</ref> <ref>'''2013-03-18''' [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-21788238 Richard O'Brien: "I'm 70% man"]</ref>

	Gender is therefore a '''social construct''' based around arbitrary {{l/ip\|similarity cluster}}s, not a "scientific fact" or any other such authoritative term. You can draw lines around specific sets of attributes and decide that "male" is on one side of the line and "female" is on the other, but any particular set of lines are going to be highly context-dependent; if scientific rigor is desired, it's much better to speak in terms of those specific attributes (e.g. "has penis" or "menstruates" – and remember that there are ~~people~~ who ~~match~~ both ~~of these~~!) than in vague terms like "female" or "male".		Gender is therefore a '''social construct''' based around arbitrary {{l/ip\|similarity cluster}}s, not a "scientific fact" or any other such authoritative term. You can draw lines around specific sets of attributes and decide that "male" is on one side of the line and "female" is on the other, but any particular set of lines are going to be highly context-dependent; if scientific rigor is desired, it's much better to speak in terms of those specific attributes (e.g. "has penis" or "menstruates" – and remember that there are individuals who do both!) than in vague terms like "female" or "male".

	Gender-related attributes include:		Gender-related attributes include:
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	** '''body map''': the internal wiring which tells you what shape your body "should" be also seems to have an opinion about what physical gender traits you should have		** '''body map''': the internal wiring which tells you what shape your body "should" be also seems to have an opinion about what physical gender traits you should have
	** '''sense''': the ''sense'' or ''feeling'' of which gender you "are" inside your head; it's not clear what generates this, but it seems to be a combination of factors and is sometimes felt quite strongly -- and sometimes in sharp disagreement with physical gender. (This sense is also sometimes referred to as "gender identity", though I am here using that term in a broader way to refer to all the various components of gender, in sum.)<ref>When that sense is at odds with one's physical or socially-perceived gender, this causes an intense discomfort called [[gender dysphoria]].</ref>		** '''sense''': the ''sense'' or ''feeling'' of which gender you "are" inside your head; it's not clear what generates this, but it seems to be a combination of factors and is sometimes felt quite strongly -- and sometimes in sharp disagreement with physical gender. (This sense is also sometimes referred to as "gender identity", though I am here using that term in a broader way to refer to all the various components of gender, in sum.)<ref>When that sense is at odds with one's physical or socially-perceived gender, this causes an intense discomfort called [[gender dysphoria]].</ref>

	==The Gender Continuum==		==The Gender Continuum==
	And finally, none of these attributes – not even the physical ones – have clear lines of demarcation. You can place a line in any arbitrary place and declare that anyone on one side of it is female and anyone on the other side is male, but there will always be people who don't fit your expectations.		And finally, none of these attributes – not even the physical ones – have clear lines of demarcation. You can place a line in any arbitrary place and declare that anyone on one side of it is female and anyone on the other side is male, but there will always be people who don't fit your expectations.